在centos7.6上面安装kubernetes1.25

参考文章 https://www.ywcsb.vip/blog/150.html

一、k8s containerd配置

1、环境

三台机器 系统 centos7.9

hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-master
hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-node1
hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-node2
# 10.1.1.10   master
# 10.1.1.11   node1
cat > /etc/hosts << EOF
127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.1.29    k8s-master
192.168.1.4     k8s-node1
192.168.1.142   k8s-node2
EOF

2、设置

# 关闭swap
swapoff -a
sed -ri 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab
cat > /etc/sysctl.conf << EOF
vm.swappiness=0
vm.overcommit_memory=1
vm.panic_on_oom=0
fs.inotify.max_user_watches=89100
EOF
# 生效
sysctl -p
# 设置sysctl.d
cat <<EOF | tee /etc/modules-load.d/k8s.conf
overlay
br_netfilter
EOF
cat <<EOF | tee /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward                 = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
EOF
sysctl --system
modprobe br_netfilter
modprobe overlay
lsmod | grep -e br_netfilter -e overlay
# overlay                91659  0 
# br_netfilter           22256  0 
# bridge                151336  1 br_netfilter
# ipvs 设置
iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT
yum -y install ipvsadm  ipset
cat > /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules <<EOF
modprobe -- ip_vs
modprobe -- ip_vs_rr
modprobe -- ip_vs_wrr
modprobe -- ip_vs_sh
modprobe -- nf_conntrack_ipv4
EOF
# 关闭防火墙
iptables -F
iptables -X
systemctl stop firewalld.service
# 禁用selinux
getenforce
setenforce 0
sed -i 's/^SELINUX=enforcing$/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
# 添加yum源
yum install -y wget && wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo -O /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo << EOF
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
repo_gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
EOF

二、集群搭建

1、安装containerd

安装

yum install containerd -y
systemctl enable containerd.service

配置

containerd config default | tee /etc/containerd/config.toml
cat > /etc/containerd/config.toml << EOF
disabled_plugins = []
imports = []
oom_score = 0
plugin_dir = ""
required_plugins = []
root = "/var/lib/containerd"
state = "/run/containerd"
temp = ""
version = 2

[cgroup]
  path = ""

[debug]
  address = ""
  format = ""
  gid = 0
  level = ""
  uid = 0

[grpc]
  address = "/run/containerd/containerd.sock"
  gid = 0
  max_recv_message_size = 16777216
  max_send_message_size = 16777216
  tcp_address = ""
  tcp_tls_ca = ""
  tcp_tls_cert = ""
  tcp_tls_key = ""
  uid = 0

[metrics]
  address = ""
  grpc_histogram = false

[plugins]

  [plugins."io.containerd.gc.v1.scheduler"]
    deletion_threshold = 0
    mutation_threshold = 100
    pause_threshold = 0.02
    schedule_delay = "0s"
    startup_delay = "100ms"

  [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri"]
    device_ownership_from_security_context = false
    disable_apparmor = false
    disable_cgroup = false
    disable_hugetlb_controller = true
    disable_proc_mount = false
    disable_tcp_service = true
    enable_selinux = false
    enable_tls_streaming = false
    enable_unprivileged_icmp = false
    enable_unprivileged_ports = false
    ignore_image_defined_volumes = false
    max_concurrent_downloads = 3
    max_container_log_line_size = 16384
    netns_mounts_under_state_dir = false
    restrict_oom_score_adj = false
    # 注释上面那行,添加下面这行,注意pause版本
    sandbox_image = "registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause:3.8"
    selinux_category_range = 1024
    stats_collect_period = 10
    stream_idle_timeout = "4h0m0s"
    stream_server_address = "127.0.0.1"
    stream_server_port = "0"
    systemd_cgroup = false
    tolerate_missing_hugetlb_controller = true
    unset_seccomp_profile = ""

    [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".cni]
      bin_dir = "/opt/cni/bin"
      conf_dir = "/etc/cni/net.d"
      conf_template = ""
      ip_pref = ""
      max_conf_num = 1

    [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd]
      default_runtime_name = "runc"
      disable_snapshot_annotations = true
      discard_unpacked_layers = false
      ignore_rdt_not_enabled_errors = false
      no_pivot = false
      snapshotter = "overlayfs"

      [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.default_runtime]
        base_runtime_spec = ""
        cni_conf_dir = ""
        cni_max_conf_num = 0
        container_annotations = []
        pod_annotations = []
        privileged_without_host_devices = false
        runtime_engine = ""
        runtime_path = ""
        runtime_root = ""
        runtime_type = ""

        [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.default_runtime.options]

      [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.runtimes]

        [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.runtimes.runc]
          base_runtime_spec = ""
          cni_conf_dir = ""
          cni_max_conf_num = 0
          container_annotations = []
          pod_annotations = []
          privileged_without_host_devices = false
          runtime_engine = ""
          runtime_path = ""
          runtime_root = ""
          runtime_type = "io.containerd.runc.v2"

          [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.runtimes.runc.options]
            BinaryName = ""
            CriuImagePath = ""
            CriuPath = ""
            CriuWorkPath = ""
            IoGid = 0
            IoUid = 0
            NoNewKeyring = false
            NoPivotRoot = false
            Root = ""
            ShimCgroup = ""
            # 修改下面这行
            SystemdCgroup = true

      [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.untrusted_workload_runtime]
        base_runtime_spec = ""
        cni_conf_dir = ""
        cni_max_conf_num = 0
        container_annotations = []
        pod_annotations = []
        privileged_without_host_devices = false
        runtime_engine = ""
        runtime_path = ""
        runtime_root = ""
        runtime_type = ""

        [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.untrusted_workload_runtime.options]

    [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".image_decryption]
      key_model = "node"

    [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry]
      config_path = ""

      [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry.auths]

      [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry.configs]

      [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry.headers]

      [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry.mirrors]
        [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry.mirrors."docker.io"]
          #endpoint = ["https://registry-1.docker.io"]
          # 注释上面那行,添加下面三行
          endpoint = ["https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn"]
        [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry.mirrors."k8s.gcr.io"]
          endpoint = ["https://registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers"]


    [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".x509_key_pair_streaming]
      tls_cert_file = ""
      tls_key_file = ""

  [plugins."io.containerd.internal.v1.opt"]
    path = "/opt/containerd"

  [plugins."io.containerd.internal.v1.restart"]
    interval = "10s"

  [plugins."io.containerd.internal.v1.tracing"]
    sampling_ratio = 1.0
    service_name = "containerd"

  [plugins."io.containerd.metadata.v1.bolt"]
    content_sharing_policy = "shared"

  [plugins."io.containerd.monitor.v1.cgroups"]
    no_prometheus = false

  [plugins."io.containerd.runtime.v1.linux"]
    no_shim = false
    runtime = "runc"
    runtime_root = ""
    shim = "containerd-shim"
    shim_debug = false

  [plugins."io.containerd.runtime.v2.task"]
    platforms = ["linux/amd64"]
    sched_core = false

  [plugins."io.containerd.service.v1.diff-service"]
    default = ["walking"]

  [plugins."io.containerd.service.v1.tasks-service"]
    rdt_config_file = ""

  [plugins."io.containerd.snapshotter.v1.aufs"]
    root_path = ""

  [plugins."io.containerd.snapshotter.v1.btrfs"]
    root_path = ""

  [plugins."io.containerd.snapshotter.v1.devmapper"]
    async_remove = false
    base_image_size = ""
    discard_blocks = false
    fs_options = ""
    fs_type = ""
    pool_name = ""
    root_path = ""

  [plugins."io.containerd.snapshotter.v1.native"]
    root_path = ""

  [plugins."io.containerd.snapshotter.v1.overlayfs"]
    root_path = ""
    upperdir_label = false

  [plugins."io.containerd.snapshotter.v1.zfs"]
    root_path = ""

  [plugins."io.containerd.tracing.processor.v1.otlp"]
    endpoint = ""
    insecure = false
    protocol = ""

[proxy_plugins]

[stream_processors]

  [stream_processors."io.containerd.ocicrypt.decoder.v1.tar"]
    accepts = ["application/vnd.oci.image.layer.v1.tar+encrypted"]
    args = ["--decryption-keys-path", "/etc/containerd/ocicrypt/keys"]
    env = ["OCICRYPT_KEYPROVIDER_CONFIG=/etc/containerd/ocicrypt/ocicrypt_keyprovider.conf"]
    path = "ctd-decoder"
    returns = "application/vnd.oci.image.layer.v1.tar"

  [stream_processors."io.containerd.ocicrypt.decoder.v1.tar.gzip"]
    accepts = ["application/vnd.oci.image.layer.v1.tar+gzip+encrypted"]
    args = ["--decryption-keys-path", "/etc/containerd/ocicrypt/keys"]
    env = ["OCICRYPT_KEYPROVIDER_CONFIG=/etc/containerd/ocicrypt/ocicrypt_keyprovider.conf"]
    path = "ctd-decoder"
    returns = "application/vnd.oci.image.layer.v1.tar+gzip"

[timeouts]
  "io.containerd.timeout.bolt.open" = "0s"
  "io.containerd.timeout.shim.cleanup" = "5s"
  "io.containerd.timeout.shim.load" = "5s"
  "io.containerd.timeout.shim.shutdown" = "3s"
  "io.containerd.timeout.task.state" = "2s"

[ttrpc]
  address = ""
  gid = 0
  uid = 0
EOF

重启

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart containerd

2、安装crictl

wget https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/cri-tools/releases/download/v1.24.2/crictl-v1.24.2-linux-amd64.tar.gz
tar -zxf crictl-v1.24.2-linux-amd64.tar.gz 
mv crictl /usr/local/bin/

编写配置文件

cat > /etc/crictl.yaml <<EOF
runtime-endpoint: unix:///var/run/containerd/containerd.sock
image-endpoint: unix:///var/run/containerd/containerd.sock
timeout: 10
debug: false
pull-image-on-create: false
EOF

3、安装最新的kubectl kubelet kubeadm

yum install  kubectl kubelet kubeadm -y
systemctl start kubelet.service
systemctl enable kubelet.service

4、生成kubeadm默认配置文件

kubeadm config print init-defaults --kubeconfig ClusterConfiguration > kubeadm.yml

修改配置文件

1)修改imageRepository,改为aliyun的镜像仓库地址

2)修改podSubnet以及serviceSubnet,根据的自己的环境进行设置

3)设置cgroupDriver为systemd,非必要

4)修改advertiseAddress为正确ip地址或者0.0.0.0

5)修改nodeRegistration:name 为k8s-matser名称

修改后的配置文件

apiVersion: kubeadm.k8s.io/v1beta3
bootstrapTokens:
- groups:
  - system:bootstrappers:kubeadm:default-node-token
  token: abcdef.0123456789abcdef
  ttl: 24h0m0s
  usages:
  - signing
  - authentication
kind: InitConfiguration
localAPIEndpoint:
  advertiseAddress: 0.0.0.0
  bindPort: 6443
nodeRegistration:
  criSocket: unix:///var/run/containerd/containerd.sock
  imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
  name: k8s-master
  taints: null
---
apiServer:
  timeoutForControlPlane: 4m0s
apiVersion: kubeadm.k8s.io/v1beta3
certificatesDir: /etc/kubernetes/pki
clusterName: kubernetes
controllerManager: {}
dns: {}
etcd:
  local:
    dataDir: /var/lib/etcd
imageRepository: registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers
kind: ClusterConfiguration
kubernetesVersion: 1.25.0
networking:
  dnsDomain: cluster.local
  podSubnet: 10.10.0.0/16
  serviceSubnet: 10.96.0.0/12
scheduler: {}

5、初始化master集群

kubeadm init --config=kubeadm.yml --upload-certs
# 如果配置错误可以使用 kubeadm reset -f  重置集群记得 node节点也要重置一下

# 打印日志
W0823 07:37:26.188671    6862 initconfiguration.go:306] error unmarshaling configuration schema.GroupVersionKind{Group:"kubeadm.k8s.io", Version:"v1beta3", Kind:"ClusterConfiguration"}: strict decoding error: unknown field "cgroupdriver"
[init] Using Kubernetes version: v1.24.0
[preflight] Running pre-flight checks
[preflight] Pulling images required for setting up a Kubernetes cluster
[preflight] This might take a minute or two, depending on the speed of your internet connection
[preflight] You can also perform this action in beforehand using 'kubeadm config images pull'
[certs] Using certificateDir folder "/etc/kubernetes/pki"
[certs] Generating "ca" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "apiserver" certificate and key
[certs] apiserver serving cert is signed for DNS names [kubernetes kubernetes.default kubernetes.default.svc kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local master] and IPs [10.96.0.1 10.1.1.10]
[certs] Generating "apiserver-kubelet-client" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "front-proxy-ca" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "front-proxy-client" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "etcd/ca" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "etcd/server" certificate and key
[certs] etcd/server serving cert is signed for DNS names [localhost master] and IPs [10.1.1.10 127.0.0.1 ::1]
[certs] Generating "etcd/peer" certificate and key
[certs] etcd/peer serving cert is signed for DNS names [localhost master] and IPs [10.1.1.10 127.0.0.1 ::1]
[certs] Generating "etcd/healthcheck-client" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "apiserver-etcd-client" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "sa" key and public key
[kubeconfig] Using kubeconfig folder "/etc/kubernetes"
[kubeconfig] Writing "admin.conf" kubeconfig file
[kubeconfig] Writing "kubelet.conf" kubeconfig file
[kubeconfig] Writing "controller-manager.conf" kubeconfig file
[kubeconfig] Writing "scheduler.conf" kubeconfig file
[kubelet-start] Writing kubelet environment file with flags to file "/var/lib/kubelet/kubeadm-flags.env"
[kubelet-start] Writing kubelet configuration to file "/var/lib/kubelet/config.yaml"
[kubelet-start] Starting the kubelet
[control-plane] Using manifest folder "/etc/kubernetes/manifests"
[control-plane] Creating static Pod manifest for "kube-apiserver"
[control-plane] Creating static Pod manifest for "kube-controller-manager"
[control-plane] Creating static Pod manifest for "kube-scheduler"
[etcd] Creating static Pod manifest for local etcd in "/etc/kubernetes/manifests"
[wait-control-plane] Waiting for the kubelet to boot up the control plane as static Pods from directory "/etc/kubernetes/manifests". This can take up to 4m0s
[apiclient] All control plane components are healthy after 19.504370 seconds
[upload-config] Storing the configuration used in ConfigMap "kubeadm-config" in the "kube-system" Namespace
[kubelet] Creating a ConfigMap "kubelet-config" in namespace kube-system with the configuration for the kubelets in the cluster
[upload-certs] Storing the certificates in Secret "kubeadm-certs" in the "kube-system" Namespace
[upload-certs] Using certificate key:
ae70a9e894995efc394ec730e11bc660f54d717c670e3cc0b5c87a6bae5705c3
[mark-control-plane] Marking the node master as control-plane by adding the labels: [node-role.kubernetes.io/control-plane node.kubernetes.io/exclude-from-external-load-balancers]
[mark-control-plane] Marking the node master as control-plane by adding the taints [node-role.kubernetes.io/master:NoSchedule node-role.kubernetes.io/control-plane:NoSchedule]
[bootstrap-token] Using token: abcdef.0123456789abcdef
[bootstrap-token] Configuring bootstrap tokens, cluster-info ConfigMap, RBAC Roles
[bootstrap-token] Configured RBAC rules to allow Node Bootstrap tokens to get nodes
[bootstrap-token] Configured RBAC rules to allow Node Bootstrap tokens to post CSRs in order for nodes to get long term certificate credentials
[bootstrap-token] Configured RBAC rules to allow the csrapprover controller automatically approve CSRs from a Node Bootstrap Token
[bootstrap-token] Configured RBAC rules to allow certificate rotation for all node client certificates in the cluster
[bootstrap-token] Creating the "cluster-info" ConfigMap in the "kube-public" namespace
[kubelet-finalize] Updating "/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.conf" to point to a rotatable kubelet client certificate and key
[addons] Applied essential addon: CoreDNS
[addons] Applied essential addon: kube-proxy

Your Kubernetes control-plane has initialized successfully!

To start using your cluster, you need to run the following as a regular user:

  mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
  sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
  sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

Alternatively, if you are the root user, you can run:

  export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf

You should now deploy a pod network to the cluster.
Run "kubectl apply -f [podnetwork].yaml" with one of the options listed at:
  https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/addons/

Then you can join any number of worker nodes by running the following on each as root:

kubeadm join 192.168.1.29:6443 --token abcdef.0123456789abcdef \
        --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:3effc72f50d0cefff23de6b4bece8962b59bc8e57b2ab641cb0bfd36460f1c4f 

记着上面的集群令牌 kubeadm join 192.168.1.29:6443 --token abcdef.0123456789abcdef \ --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:3effc72f50d0cefff23de6b4bece8962b59bc8e57b2ab641cb0bfd36460f1c4f等会需要使用

6、设置.kube/config

# 想要哪个用户使用k8s就在哪个用户上面配置一下
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

7、calico网络插件安装

kubectl apply -f https://docs.projectcalico.org/manifests/calico.yaml

在master查看状态

[root@master ~]# kubectl get pods -A
NAMESPACE     NAME                                       READY   STATUS     RESTARTS      AGE
kube-system   calico-kube-controllers-5b97f5d8cf-qrg87   0/1     Pending    0             2m36s
kube-system   calico-node-4j8s9                          0/1     Init:0/3   0             2m36s
kube-system   calico-node-7vnhb                          0/1     Init:0/3   0             2m36s
kube-system   coredns-74586cf9b6-glsgz                   0/1     Pending    0             14h
kube-system   coredns-74586cf9b6-hgtf7                   0/1     Pending    0             14h
kube-system   etcd-master                                1/1     Running    1 (54m ago)   14h
kube-system   kube-apiserver-master                      1/1     Running    1 (54m ago)   14h
kube-system   kube-controller-manager-master             1/1     Running    1 (54m ago)   14h
kube-system   kube-proxy-mq7b9                           1/1     Running    1 (53m ago)   14h
kube-system   kube-proxy-wwr6d                           1/1     Running    1 (54m ago)   14h
kube-system   kube-scheduler-master                      1/1     Running    1 (54m ago)   14h
[root@master ~]# kubectl get nodes
NAME     STATUS     ROLES           AGE   VERSION
master   NotReady   control-plane   14h   v1.25.4

8、node加入节点

使用刚刚的集群令牌在node节点上执行加入集群,node1、node2一样

#  kubeadm join 10.1.1.10:6443 --token abcdef.0123456789abcdef \
# >         --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:3effc72f50d0cefff23de6b4bece8962b59bc8e57b2ab641cb0bfd36460f1c4f 
[preflight] Running pre-flight checks
[preflight] Reading configuration from the cluster...
[preflight] FYI: You can look at this config file with 'kubectl -n kube-system get cm kubeadm-config -o yaml'
[kubelet-start] Writing kubelet configuration to file "/var/lib/kubelet/config.yaml"
[kubelet-start] Writing kubelet environment file with flags to file "/var/lib/kubelet/kubeadm-flags.env"
[kubelet-start] Starting the kubelet
[kubelet-start] Waiting for the kubelet to perform the TLS Bootstrap...

This node has joined the cluster:
* Certificate signing request was sent to apiserver and a response was received.
* The Kubelet was informed of the new secure connection details.

Run 'kubectl get nodes' on the control-plane to see this node join the cluster.

加入后在master节点上查看状态

kubectl get nodes

node节点加入集群的令牌有效期为24小时,可以在master节点生产新的令牌

kubeadm token create --print-join-command

9、将k8s切换为ipvs转发模式

在master节点上修改配置

# 进入编辑模式
kubectl -n kube-system edit cm kube-proxy

找到mode:更改为mode: “ipvs”

找到metricsBindAddress: 更改为 metricsBindAddress: “127.0.0.1:10249”

将原来的kube-proxy删除,重启

kubectl -n kube-system get pod -l k8s-app=kube-proxy | grep -v 'NAME' | awk '{print $1}' | xargs kubectl -n kube-system delete pod

10、配置kubectl TAB补全功能

yum install bash-completion -y
source /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion 
source <(kubectl completion bash)
echo "source <(kubectl completion bash)" >> ~/.bashrc
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( ๑´•ω•) "(ㆆᴗㆆ)
😂
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😣
Source: github.com/k4yt3x/flowerhd
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